Month: November 2020

Monitor Raspberry Pi CPU&GPU temperature

This is a small script from https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-find-out-raspberry-pi-gpu-and-arm-cpu-temperature-command/ to monitor Raspberry Pi CPU&GPU temperature.

#!/bin/bash
# Script: my-pi-temp.sh
# Purpose: Display the ARM CPU and GPU  temperature of Raspberry Pi
# Author: Vivek Gite <www.cyberciti.biz> under GPL v2.x+
# -------------------------------------------------------
cpu=$(</sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp)
echo "$(date) @ $(hostname)"
echo "-------------------------------------------"
echo "GPU => $(/opt/vc/bin/vcgencmd measure_temp)"
echo "CPU => $((cpu/1000))'C"

Save and close the file. Set permission:

chmod +x my-pi-temp.sh

Raspberry Pi 4 setup headless

Recently, I bought a Raspberry Pi 4. It’s better for me to record all the steps to setup my Raspberry Pi headless.

  • Download Raspberry Pi OS from https://www.raspberrypi.org/software/operating-systems/
  • Burn the image to the micro SD card, I use rufus, which can be found at https://rufus.ie/
  • Write an empty text file named “ssh“ (no file extension) to the root of the directory of the card. 
  • Setup a Wi-Fi connection for your Raspberry Pi. Create a text file called “wpa_supplicant.conf“, and place it in the root directory of the microSD card. You will need the following text in the file.
country=US
ctrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdev
update_config=1
network={
scan_ssid=1
ssid="your_wifi_ssid"
psk="your_wifi_password"
}
  • Open “config.txt” from the micro SD card root folder. Uncomment out the following code
hdmi_force_hotplug=1

hdmi_drive=2
  • Insert the micro SD card to Raspberry Pi and boot up.
  • Connecting via SSH. I use Putty, which can be downloaded from https://www.putty.org/
  • Enter “raspberrypi” or “raspberrypi.local “as the address you wish to connect to in Putty, and click Open. 
  • Enter “pi” as your username and “raspberry “as your password. 
  • Enabling and Connecting over VNC
sudo raspi-config
  • Download, install and launch VNC Viewer to connect raspberry.

Odometer in Unity

To create a odometer in Unity is not easy. I couldn’t find a better one for my project.

Prepare all possible characters in a spinning roll and then stack them

 void Prepare()
 {
     //keep the orginal text vector for future use
     Meter.ForceMeshUpdate();
     sourceVertices = (Vector3[])Meter.textInfo.CopyMeshInfoVertexData()[0].vertices.Clone();
     Meter.textInfo.Clear();
     var templateString = string.Empty;
     foreach (var s in SpinStrip)
     {
         templateString += s + "\n";
     }

     //Update text to spinning text
     Meter.text = templateString;
     Meter.ForceMeshUpdate();
     cachedMeshInfo = Meter.textInfo.CopyMeshInfoVertexData();

     HideSpinCharacters();
     Spin(Meter.textInfo.characterInfo[currentValue], centerOfRotation, 0);
     Apply();
 }

 void HideSpinCharacters()
 {
     for (var i = 0; i < Meter.textInfo.characterCount; i++)
     {
         var charInfo = Meter.textInfo.characterInfo[i];
         if (charInfo.isVisible)
         {
             Spin(charInfo, centerOfRotation, -90);
         }
     }
 }

Spin each character one by one

...
 IEnumerator Spin(Tuple<int, int, float> param)
 {
     for (var curChar = param.Item1; curChar < param.Item2;curChar += 2)
     {
         var curCharInfo = Meter.textInfo.characterInfo[curChar];
         var nextCharInfo = Meter.textInfo.characterInfo[curChar + 2];

         for (float degree = -90; degree <= 0; degree += param.Item3)
         {
             Spin(curCharInfo, centerOfRotation, (degree + 90) < 90 ? (degree + 90) : 90);
             Spin(nextCharInfo, centerOfRotation, degree);
             Apply();
             yield return null;
         }
         yield return null;
     }
 }

void Spin(TMP_CharacterInfo charInfo, Vector3 centerOfRotation, float angleOfRotation)
 {
     // Get the index of the material used by the current character.
     int materialIndex = charInfo.materialReferenceIndex;

     // Get the index of the first vertex used by this text element.
     int vertexIndex = charInfo.vertexIndex;

     // Get the cached vertices of the mesh used by this text element (character or sprite).

     // Determine the center point of each character at the baseline.
     // Determine the center point of each character.
     Vector2 charMidBasline = (sourceVertices[0] + sourceVertices[2]) / 2;

     // Need to translate all 4 vertices of each quad to aligned with middle of character / baseline.
     // This is needed so the matrix TRS is applied at the origin for each character.
     Vector3 offset = charMidBasline;

     Vector3[] destinationVertices = Meter.textInfo.meshInfo[materialIndex].vertices;

     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 0] = sourceVertices[0] - offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 1] = sourceVertices[1] - offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 2] = sourceVertices[2] - offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 3] = sourceVertices[3] - offset;


     // This should calculate the matrix, which helps to roate odometer
     Matrix4x4 translationToCenterPoint = Matrix4x4.Translate(centerOfRotation);
     Matrix4x4 rotation = Matrix4x4.Rotate(Quaternion.AngleAxis(angleOfRotation, Vector3.right));
     Matrix4x4 translationBackToOrigin = Matrix4x4.Translate(-centerOfRotation);

     Matrix4x4 matrix = translationToCenterPoint * rotation * translationBackToOrigin;

     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 0] = matrix.MultiplyPoint3x4(destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 0]);
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 1] = matrix.MultiplyPoint3x4(destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 1]);
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 2] = matrix.MultiplyPoint3x4(destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 2]);
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 3] = matrix.MultiplyPoint3x4(destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 3]);

     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 0] += offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 1] += offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 2] += offset;
     destinationVertices[vertexIndex + 3] += offset;
 }
...

The complete Unity project can be found at my github.

Unity Bink player

I have been asked to play a bink video in Unity. I googled a lot and couldn’t find any solution. Then I decided to write my own one and here is my solution to integrate Bink video into Unity.

BinkNativeMethods

    internal static class BinkNativeMethods
    {
        //=======================================================================

        public const ulong BINKOLDFRAMEFORMAT = 0x00008000L; // using the old Bink frame format (internal use only)
        public const ulong BINKCUSTOMCOLORSPACE = 0x00010000L; // file contains a custom colorspace matrix (only internal now)

        public const ulong BINKNOYPLANE = 0x00000200L; // Don't decompress the Y plane (internal flag)
        public const ulong BINKWILLLOOP = 0x00000080L; // You are planning to loop this Bink.

        public const ulong BINKYCRCBNEW = 0x00000010L; // File uses the new ycrcb colorspace (usually Bink 2)
        public const ulong BINKHDR = 0x00000004L; // Video is an HDR video
        public const ulong BINK_SLICES_2 = 0x00000000L; // Bink 2 file has two slices
        public const ulong BINK_SLICES_3 = 0x00000001L; // Bink 2 file has three slices
        public const ulong BINK_SLICES_4 = 0x00000002L; // Bink 2 file has four slices
        public const ulong BINK_SLICES_8 = 0x00000003L; // Bink 2 file has eight slices
        public const ulong BINK_SLICES_MASK = 0x00000003L; // mask against openflags to get the slice flags

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern void BinkClose(IntPtr Bink);

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern IntPtr BinkOpen(string name, BINK_OPEN_FLAGS flags);

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern string BinkGetError();

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern IntPtr BinkDoFrame(IntPtr Bink);

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern int BinkWait(IntPtr bink);

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern void BinkNextFrame(IntPtr bink);

        [DllImport("bink2w64")]
        internal static extern int BinkCopyToBuffer(IntPtr bink, byte[] dest_addr, int dest_pitch, uint dest_height, uint dest_x, uint dest_y, BINK_COPY_FLAGS copy_flags);

        public struct BINK
        {
            public int Width;
            public int Height;
            public uint Frames;
            public uint FrameNum;
            public uint FrameRate;
            public uint FrameRateDiv;
            public uint ReadError;
            public BINK_OPEN_FLAGS OpenFlags;
            public BINKRECT FrameRects;
            public uint NumRects;
            public uint FrameChangePercent;
        };

        public struct BINKRECT
        {
            public int Left;
            public int Top;
            public int Width;
            public int Height;
        };

        public enum BINK_OPEN_FLAGS : ulong
        {
            BINKFILEOFFSET = 0x00000020L, // Use file offset specified by BinkSetFileOffset
            BINKFILEHANDLE = 0x00800000L, // Use when passing in a file handle
            BINKFROMMEMORY = 0x04000000L, // Use when passing in a pointer to the file
            BINKNOFRAMEBUFFERS = 0x00000400L, // Don't allocate internal frame buffers - application must call BinkRegisterFrameBuffers
            BINKUSETRIPLEBUFFERING = 0x00000008L, // Use triple buffering in the framebuffers
            BINKSNDTRACK = 0x00004000L, // Set the track number to play
            BINKDONTCLOSETHREADS = 0x00000040L, // Don't close threads on BinkClose (call BinkFreeGlobals to close threads)
            BINKGPU = 0x00000100L, // Open Bink in GPU mode
            BINKNOSKIP = 0x00080000L, // Don't skip frames if falling behind
            BINKPRELOADALL = 0x00002000L, // Preload the entire animation
            BINKALPHA = 0x00100000L, // Decompress alpha plane (if present)
            BINKGRAYSCALE = 0x00020000L, // Force Bink to use grayscale
            BINKFRAMERATE = 0x00001000L, // Override fr (call BinkFrameRate first)
            BINKSIMULATE = 0x00400000L, // Simulate the speed (call BinkSim first)
            BINKIOSIZE = 0x01000000L, // Set an io size (call BinkIOSize first)
            BINKNOFILLIOBUF = 0x00200000L, // Don't Fill the IO buffer (in BinkOpen and BinkCopyTo)
            BINKIOPROCESSOR = 0x02000000L, // Set an io processor (call BinkIO first)
            BINKNOTHREADEDIO = 0x08000000L // Don't use a background thread for IO
        }

        public enum BINK_COPY_FLAGS : ulong
        {
            BINKSURFACE32BGRx = 3,
            BINKSURFACE32RGBx = 4,
            BINKSURFACE32BGRA = 5,
            BINKSURFACE32RGBA = 6,
            BINKSURFACE5551 = 8,
            BINKSURFACE555 = 9,
            BINKSURFACE565 = 10,
            BINKSURFACE32ARGB = 12,
            BINKSURFACEMASK = 15,
            BINKGRAYSCALE = 0x00020000L, // Force Bink to use grayscale
            BINKNOSKIP = 0x00080000L, // Don't skip frames if falling behind
            BINKYAINVERT = 0x00000800L // Reverse Y and A planes when blitting (for debugging)
        }
    }

BinkPlayer

public class BinkPlayer : MonoBehaviour
{
    BinkNativeMethods.BINK bk;
    Texture2D texture;
    IntPtr bink;
    byte[] buffer;
    // Start is called before the first frame update
    void Start()
    {
        bink = BinkNativeMethods.BinkOpen("sample.bk2", 0);

        bk = Marshal.PtrToStructure<BinkNativeMethods.BINK>(bink);

        texture = new Texture2D(bk.Width, bk.Height, TextureFormat.RGBA32, false);
        var renderer = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>();
        renderer.sprite = Sprite.Create(texture, new Rect(0, 0, bk.Width, bk.Height), Vector2.zero);
        buffer = new byte[bk.Width * 4 * bk.Height];
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        if (bink != IntPtr.Zero && BinkNativeMethods.BinkWait(bink) == 0)
        {
            BinkNativeMethods.BinkDoFrame(bink);
            // do you stuff here
            BinkNativeMethods.BinkCopyToBuffer(bink, buffer, bk.Width * 3, (uint)bk.Height, 0, 0, BinkNativeMethods.BINK_COPY_FLAGS.BINKSURFACE32RGBA);

            texture.LoadRawTextureData(buffer);
            texture.Apply();
            BinkNativeMethods.BinkNextFrame(bink);
        }
    }
}

The complete Unity project also can be found at my github.